glutathione prevents oxidative cell death The Selenoprotein Peroxidase 4: From Molecular Mechanisms to Novel Therapeutic Opportunities Glutathione Metabolism Mitochondrial Glutathione in Cellular Redox

D., Magelhaes, P

Initial signs of Se excess are a garlic-like breath odor and a metallic taste in the mouth, followed by gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting), fatigue, rash (dermatitis), hair and nail damage and loss, and teeth damage and discoloration

Informed by recent studies from 2024-2025, future research should prioritize the development of disease-specific ferroptosis biomarkers, optimization of combination therapy regimens, creation of next-generation modulators with enhanced cell-type specificity and pharmacokinetic properties, and elucidation of ferroptosis crosstalk with other regulated cell death pathways (152)

doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.04.02 533 SchymanskiD.GoldbeckC.HumpfH

When gastric acid production is impaired (for instance by PPIs such as omeprazole), Iron absorption is reduced (Schade, Cohen, and Conrad 1968

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