doi: 10.1002/jcp.29903, 38
Histopathological hallmarks include hepatic swelling, vacuolar degeneration, and necrosis, while clinical markers feature elevated serum transaminases (ALT, AST) and bilirubin, alongside reduced albumin, indicating compromised liver function ( TNF- , IL-1 , IL-6 , and IL-8 , alongside anti-inflammatory mediators like IL-10 ( The zebrafish model has emerged as a powerful system for deconstructing this complexity (Table 3), owing to its high evolutionary conservation in liver morphology and function, including a well-characterized suite of CYP450 enzymes and a drug metabolism system that parallels human pathways ( in vivo DILI studies in larvae
Furthermore, high-throughput omics techniquesincluding genomics, proteomics, and metabolomicscombined with bioinformatics offer powerful tools for systematically investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying toxicity (Martinez-Sena et al., 2023)
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Hypothyroid causes can include: Autoimmune disease Surgical removal of the thyroid (thyroidectomy) Radiation exposure as a treatment for hyperthyroid (overactive thyroid) Exposure to radiation in your environment (like at your job) Certain medications Environmental toxins Infections Too much or too little iodine Congenital disease Pituitary gland conditions Risk Factors for Hypothyroidism When it comes to the development of hypothyroidism, it's not just about what's happening inside your thyroid gland
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