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This review provides a critical and translational analysis of GSH-responsive nanomedicine, highlighting chemical strategies such as disulfide/diselenide linkages, transition metal systems, and GSH-activated prodrugs

The accumulation of calcium ions within cells can potentially induce the release of Cytochrome C (CytC) in mitochondria, which activates caspase-9 and the final executor protein caspase-3

Rather, a growing body of evidence suggests that the systemic and local actions of incretins and metabolic hormones modulate multiple pathways that can promote inflammatory and fibrotic injury

Crabb BS, Rug M, Gilberger TW, Thompson JK, Triglia T, et al

Conversely, with conditions leading to neurodegeneration or chronic inflammation, oxidative stress persists long enough to lead to abnormal immune response pathwaysparticularly NF-kband prolonged treatment with GSH may lead to reduced redox tone and thus attenuating NF-kB, causing an anti-inflammatory response instead of an immuno-supportive one (Limongi et al., 2019

They are less toxic, biodegradable, and offer antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties