NADPH oxidases (NOX/DUOX) For NADPH oxidases (NOX/DUOX), the rationale is to curb pathological microdomain activityfrom NOX1/2/4/5 and DUOXthat drives endothelial dysfunction, fibrosis and innate immune priming, while preserving the tightly tuned H 2 O 2 pulses required for physiological signalling, hence selective attenuation (by isoform and locale) is preferred over global blockade (Altenhfer et al
Abbreviations 2,3-BPG: 2,3-Bisphosphoglyceric acid AA : Amino acid ANLS: Astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle ATP: Adenosine triphosphate AUC: Area under the curve BBB: Bloodbrain barrier BCAA: Branched chain amino acid CCI: Controlled cortical impact CMD: Cerebral microdialysis CNS: Central nervous system coA: Coenzyme A cPLA2 : Cytosolic phospholipases A2 CSF : Cerebrospinal fluid CT : Computed tomography ETC: Electron transport chain FOXP3: Forkhead box P3 GCS: Glasgow coma scale GFAP: Glial fibrillary acidic protein GLUT: Glucose transporters GOS(E): Glasgow outcome scale (extended) GSH: Glutathione peroxidase H-NMR: Proton nuclear magnetic resonance HIF-1: Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha ICP: Intracranial pressure ICU: Intensive care unit IL: Interleukin iNOS: Inducible nitric oxide synthase LPC: Lysophosphatidylcholine LPR: Lactate/Pyruvate ratio LPS: Lipopolysaccharide MS: Mass spectrometry NAA: N-acetylaspartate NAD(H): Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADP(H): Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NF-B: Nuclear factor kappa B NOX: NADPH oxidase NRF2: Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 O-LPC: Ether lysophosphatidylcholine PbtO2: Partial pressure of brain tissue oxygen PEP: Phosphatidylethanolamines PET: Positron emission tomography PGC1a: Peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha ROS: Reactive oxygen species S100B: S100 calcium-binding protein B Sirt1: NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1 SM: Sphingomyelin TBI: Traumatic brain injury TCA: Citric acid cycle, krebs cycle TG: Triglyceride TIL: Therapeutic intensity level UCH-L1: Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 References Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
In this study (8) it was suggested that different IGF-1 analogs, including IGF-1 LR3, have the potential to counteract the negative action of myostatin protein, possibly helping to prevent apoptosis and protecting muscle cells
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97 , 46094614 (2000)
A unique sodium hyaluronate system designed for deep skin hydration
10.13075/ijomeh.1896.00694 301 ZhangM.ZhuL.WangH.HaoY.ZhangQ.ZhaoC.et al (2023)
