cigarette smoking reduces life expectancy by 🚬 Every You Smoke Has a Hidden Cost Research suggests that **each cigarette may reduce about 20 minutes**. That means a single pack of 20 cigarettes could cost Mortality in relation to smoking:

Mortality in relation to smoking: 50 years' observations on male British doctors PMC Mortality and life expectancy in relation to longterm cigarette, cigar and pipe smoking: The Zutphen Study PMC 21st Century Hazards of Smoking and Benefits of Cessation in the United States New England Journal of Medicine Preventing Chronic Disease Estimating Benefits of Past, Current, and Future Reductions in Smoking Rates Using a Comprehensive Model With Competing Causes of Death CDC Association of childhood smoking and adult mortality: prospective study of 120 000 Cuban adults The Lancet Global Health Figure 9.1, Effects on survival of stopping smoking cigarettes at ages 2534 years (effect from age 35), ages 3544 years (effect from age 40), ages 4554 years (effect from age 50), and

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